By : Geraldus Sigap
What is a Worm Infection?
Worm infection, or helminthiasis, is a condition where the body is infected by parasites such as roundworms (Ascaris), hookworms (Ancylostoma), pinworms (Enterobius), or peworms (Taenia). Transmission typically occurs through contaminated soil, food, or water, as well as poor hygiene habits.
Common Symptoms to Watch Out For
Symptoms may vary depending on the type of worm, but general complaints include:
- Bloating and recurrent abdominal pain
- Weakness, fatigue, or pale appearance
- Loss of appetite or unexplained increase in hunger
- Weight loss
- Itching around the anus, especially at night (common in pinworm infections)
- Sleep disturbances and crankiness in children
- Chronic worm infections can lead to severe iron-deficiency anemia, especially when worms feed on blood in the intestines.
Who’s at Risk?
Everyone is at risk, but higher risk applies to:
- School-age children who play in the dirt
- Workers in frequent contact with soil or waste
- People with poor sanitation or unhygienic eating habits
- Residents of densely populated areas
Certain groups are at higher risk of worm infections, including:
- School-age children who often play in the soil without wearing shoes
- Individuals living in areas with poor sanitation or inadequate waste disposal systems
- Adults working in agriculture, livestock farming, or waste management sectors
- Consumers of raw or undercooked food of poor quality, such as undercooked meat and raw fish (e.g., sashimi or sushi), as these may contain worm larvae such as Anisakis or Diphyllobothrium latum, which can cause parasitic infections
- Travelers or workers in endemic areas with low hygiene standards
- Eating undercooked pork, beef, or fish is also proven to increase the risk of ingesting worm eggs or larvae.
Therefore, it is essential to ensure all food, especially animal protein—is cooked thoroughly before consumption.
Diagnosis and Testing
Diagnosis is typically made through a stool test to detect worm eggs or segments. In some cases, a complete blood count may show anemia or elevated eosinophils, indicating a parasitic infection.
Treatment for Worm Infection
Treatment usually involves antiparasitic medications like albendazole or mebendazole, prescribed by a doctor. These drugs work by paralyzing and killing the worms in the digestive tract. Repeat dosing may be necessary to eliminate eggs and prevent reinfection.
Prevention is Better Than Cure
Effective prevention steps include:
- Washing hands with soap before eating and after using the toilet
- Cooking meat and fish thoroughly
- Washing fruits and vegetables properly
- Wearing shoes outside
- Taking deworming medication every 6 months, especially for children and high-risk individuals
When to See a Doctor?
If you or your child experience any of the symptoms above, or if symptoms persist after self-treatment, consult a pediatrician or internal medicine specialist. Further testing can help identify the specific worm and the most appropriate therapy. Don’t let a worm infection reduce your quality of life. Consult with a pediatrics at RS Abdi Waluyo by calling 021-3144989 or schedule your appointment online through the following link: https://wa.link/rsabdiwaluyo
FAQ
- What are the most common symptoms of a worm infection?
– Bloating or abdominal pain
– Persistent fatigue
– Unexplained weight loss
– Appetite changes|
– Itching around the anus (especially at night for pinworms)
– Anemia or pale complexion
- Can adults get worm infections too?
Yes. While more common in children, adults are also susceptible—especially those in poor sanitary environments or those who work directly with soil.
- How is a worm infection diagnosed?
Primarily through a stool analysis to detect eggs or worm segments. Blood tests may also show signs like high eosinophils.
- How often should I take deworming medication?
Every 6 months is recommended, especially for children and high-risk adults, under medical guidance. - Are worm infections dangerous?
Yes, if untreated, they can cause nutrient deficiencies, anemia, and growth issues in children. Severe cases may lead to serious digestive complications.
Referensi :
- Alshami I, Wadhwa R. Helminthiasis. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560525/
- Wakelin D. Helminths: Pathogenesis and Defenses. In: Baron S, editor. Medical Microbiology. 4th edition. Galveston (TX): University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston; 1996. Chapter 87. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8191/
